Abstract:The Old Man and the Sea is a medium-length novel written by Ernest Hemingway in 1951 in Cuba. It is a main published fiction that Ernest Hemingway created when he was alive. According to the book introduction, the novelist himself is reflected throughout the story. Both in terms of the language structure and of narrative skills, “The Old Man and the Sea” has a variety of representational techniques,  like the “Iceberg Theory”, It is actually like the dew in the empty houses, allowing the reader to experience and explore the inner meanings. The theory is this：The meaning of a piece is not immediately evident, because the crux of the story lies below the surface. For example, “The Old Man and the Sea” is a meditation upon youth and age, even though the protagonist spends little or no time thinking on those terms.

Key words: Iceberg Theory, Santiago

Contents

摘要

Abstract

Introduction1

1 Simple, straightforward language that is rich in depth1

1.1Plain language with profound connotation.1

1.2 Concise structure of composition3

2 Minimalistic monologues5

Conclusion.6

Reference.7